Chapter 36: Logical Functions in Excel ( Easy)

Introduction

Logical functions in Excel help you make decisions based on conditions. These functions return TRUE or FALSE values depending on whether a condition is met. This chapter will cover some of the most useful logical functions: IF, IFS, NOT, OR, ISERR, ISERROR, ISEVEN, ISODD, ISFORMULA, ISLOGICAL, ISNONTEXT, ISNUMBER, ISTEXT, ISREF, and ISBLANK.

1. IF Function

• Description: Evaluates a condition and returns one value if TRUE and another if FALSE.
• Syntax: IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)
• Example: =IF(A1 > 10, “High”, “Low”) returns “High” if the value in A1 is greater than 10; otherwise, it returns “Low”.

2. IFS Function

• Description: Evaluates multiple conditions and returns a value corresponding to the first TRUE condition.
• Syntax: IFS(condition1, value1, [condition2, value2], …)
• Example: =IFS(A1 > 90, “Excellent”, A1 > 70, “Good”, A1 > 50, “Average”, TRUE, “Below Average”) checks multiple conditions to return a rating based on the value in A1.

3. NOT Function

• Description: Reverses the logical value of its argument. Returns TRUE if the argument is FALSE and vice versa.
• Syntax: NOT(logical)
• Example: =NOT(A1 > 10) returns TRUE if A1 is not greater than 10.

4. OR Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if any of the conditions are TRUE. Returns FALSE only if all conditions are FALSE.
• Syntax: OR(logical1, [logical2], …)
• Example: =OR(A1 > 10, B1 < 5) returns TRUE if either A1 is greater than 10 or B1 is less than 5.

5. ISERR Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is any error except #N/A.
• Syntax: ISERR(value)
• Example: =ISERR(A1) returns TRUE if A1 contains any error except #N/A.

6. ISERROR Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is any error (#N/A, #VALUE!, #REF!, #DIV/0!, #NUM!, #NAME?, #NULL!).
• Syntax: ISERROR(value)
• Example: =ISERROR(A1) returns TRUE if A1 contains any type of error.

7. ISEVEN Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is an even number.
• Syntax: ISEVEN(number)
• Example: =ISEVEN(A1) returns TRUE if the value in A1 is even.

8. ISODD Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is an odd number.
• Syntax: ISODD(number)
• Example: =ISODD(A1) returns TRUE if the value in A1 is odd.

9. ISFORMULA Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the cell contains a formula.
• Syntax: ISFORMULA(reference)
• Example: =ISFORMULA(A1) returns TRUE if cell A1 contains a formula.

10. ISLOGICAL Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value (TRUE or FALSE).
• Syntax: ISLOGICAL(value)
• Example: =ISLOGICAL(A1) returns TRUE if the value in A1 is a logical value.

11. ISNONTEXT Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is not text.
• Syntax: ISNONTEXT(value)
• Example: =ISNONTEXT(A1) returns TRUE if the value in A1 is not text.

12. ISNUMBER Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is a number.
• Syntax: ISNUMBER(value)
• Example: =ISNUMBER(A1) returns TRUE if the value in A1 is a number.

13. ISTEXT Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is text.
• Syntax: ISTEXT(value)
• Example: =ISTEXT(A1) returns TRUE if the value in A1 is text.

14. ISREF Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the value is a reference.
• Syntax: ISREF(value)
• Example: =ISREF(A1) returns TRUE if A1 is a cell reference.

15. ISBLANK Function

• Description: Returns TRUE if the cell is empty.
• Syntax: ISBLANK(value)
• Example: =ISBLANK(A1) returns TRUE if cell A1 is blank.

Practice Assignment

1. IF and IFS:
   • Use the IF function to determine if a student’s score is passing or failing. Then use the IFS function to categorize scores into different grade ranges.
2. NOT and OR:
   • Create a formula using NOT to find if a value is not meeting a certain condition. Combine OR with NOT to check multiple conditions.
3. ISERROR and ISNUMBER:
   • Use ISERROR to check for errors in a dataset. Use ISNUMBER to identify cells that contain numerical values.
4. ISEVEN and ISODD:
   • Apply ISEVEN and ISODD to determine if numbers in a list are even or odd.

Pro Tip: Logical functions can simplify complex decision-making tasks in Excel. Combining them with other functions can create powerful formulas to analyze data more effectively. For a deeper understanding and more examples, check out Anjni Computer Education’s comprehensive guides and tutorials on these functions.